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Vulnerability
Species of least concern
Information
Inhabits large, turbid rivers and lakes, brackish coastal lakes and estuaries. Feeds mainly on gregarious, pelagic fishes. Individuals foraging in brackish water move to freshwater habitats. Migrations up to 250 km have been recorded. Spawns in pairs at dawn or night. Popularly fished by sport fishers. Its flesh is succulent. Utilized fresh or frozen and eaten steamed, broiled and microwaved.
Localization
Europe: Caspian, Baltic, Black and Aral Sea basins; Elbe (North Sea basin) and Maritza (Aegean basin) drainages. North to about 65° N in Finland. Introduced on a wide scale.
Environment
Freshwater/Brackish
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